Understanding Eating Disorders

An eating disorder is an unhealthy obsession with food and weight. People with eating disorders eat, or avoid eating, in extreme ways. At least 8 million people in the U.S. are living with an eating disorder. These disorders affect both females and males. But they occur 2 1/2 times more often in females than in males.

There are 3 main types of eating disorders:

• Anorexia nervosa. People with anorexia severely restrict calories to the point of starvation. They are obsessed with being thin and have an unhealthy and distorted body image. They may refuse to eat at all. Or they may only eat tiny amounts of food that has few calories. People with anorexia are extremely thin. But they constantly think of themselves as overweight.

• Bulimia nervosa. People with bulimia nervosa binge on huge amounts of food. They then force themselves to vomit. They may also exercise compulsively. And they may take laxatives to help rid their body of the calories they've eaten. They continue this cycle of binging and purging. They may also diet excessively in between binges. People with bulimia nervosa aren't always extremely thin. In fact, they may often seem to be of normal weight.

• Binge-eating disorder. This is also known as compulsive overeating. People who are binge eaters eat excessive amounts of food without purging. They often eat uncontrollably despite feeling full. They may feel guilty or ashamed after a binge. They then go on an extreme diet as a result. People who compulsively eat may be of normal weight, overweight, or obese. Anorexia and bulimia aren't common in men. But binge-eating disorder does affect about as many men as it does women.

Other eating disorders don't quite fit into any of the above categories. These are often classified as "eating disorders not otherwise specified."